Skip to main content
Pat Ryan
Pat Ryan's Record · NY-18C+
Scorecard Record Finance News Take Action
← See Pat Ryan's full record
POSITIVE Justice & Civil Liberties 119th Congress

H.R.5350 FAIR Act (Civil Asset Forfeiture Reform)

FAIR Act — reforms civil asset forfeiture so police can't seize property from people who haven't been convicted of a crime (119th Congress)

View on Congress.gov

Legal & Constitutional Grounding

5th Amendment requires due process; IJ found 80%+ of civil forfeitures never led to criminal charges.

U.S. Const. amend. V — no person shall be deprived of property without due process of law
  • 18 U.S.C. § 981 — current civil forfeiture authority
  • IJ (2020): law enforcement seized $68.8 billion through forfeiture 2000-2019; 80%+ of forfeitures never led to criminal charges

Bill activity

Introduced Sep 15, 2025 by Henry C. "Hank" Johnson (D-GA) with 56 original cosponsors. 72 cosponsors as of Sep 28, 2026.

Rep. Pat Ryan (D-NY-18) is not listed among the cosponsors of this bill.
  1. IntroducedSep 15, 2025
  2. Passed House 
  3. Passed Senate 
  4. To President 
  5. Became Law 

Latest action Sep 15, 2025: Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Cosponsors during the cosponsorship window

119th Congress (Jan 2025 to Jan 2027)

Nov 2025DecJan 2026FebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctSep 15, 2025Oct 16, 2026 (still open)56 originalAdam Smith (D-WA-9). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.André Carson (D-IN-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ayanna Pressley (D-MA-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Betty McCollum (D-MN-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Bill Foster (D-IL-11). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Brad Sherman (D-CA-32). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Chellie Pingree (D-ME-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Christopher R. Deluzio (D-PA-17). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Deborah K. Ross (D-NC-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Derek Tran (D-CA-45). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Eleanor Holmes Norton (D-DC). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Eric Swalwell (D-CA-14). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Frank J. Mrvan (D-IN-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Greg Casar (D-TX-35). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Greg Stanton (D-AZ-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ilhan Omar (D-MN-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jared F. Golden (D-ME-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jared Huffman (D-CA-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jennifer L. McClellan (D-VA-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jesús G. "Chuy" García (D-IL-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Joaquin Castro (D-TX-20). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Joe Neguse (D-CO-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Joseph D. Morelle (D-NY-25). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Judy Chu (D-CA-28). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Julia Brownley (D-CA-26). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lateefah Simon (D-CA-12). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lizzie Fletcher (D-TX-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lloyd Doggett (D-TX-37). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lois Frankel (D-FL-22). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Madeleine Dean (D-PA-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA-10). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mark Pocan (D-WI-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mary Gay Scanlon (D-PA-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mike Quigley (D-IL-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Morgan McGarvey (D-KY-3). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Nanette Diaz Barragán (D-CA-44). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Nikema Williams (D-GA-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Paul Tonko (D-NY-20). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Pramila Jayapal (D-WA-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Rashida Tlaib (D-MI-12). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ro Khanna (D-CA-17). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Robert Garcia (D-CA-42). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Robin L. Kelly (D-IL-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Scott H. Peters (D-CA-50). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Sean Casten (D-IL-6). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Seth Magaziner (D-RI-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Shri Thanedar (D-MI-13). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Summer L. Lee (D-PA-12). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Suzan K. DelBene (D-WA-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Sylvia R. Garcia (D-TX-29). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ted Lieu (D-CA-36). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Troy A. Carter (D-LA-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Chris Pappas (D-NH-1). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Donald Norcross (D-NJ-1). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Dwight Evans (D-PA-3). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Sarah McBride (D-DE). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Teresa Leger Fernandez (D-NM-3). Cosponsored Oct 3, 2025, 18 days after introduction.Andrea Salinas (D-OR-6). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 85 days after introduction.Frederica S. Wilson (D-FL-24). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 85 days after introduction.Jasmine Crockett (D-TX-30). Cosponsored Jan 22, 2026, 129 days after introduction.Emilia Strong Sykes (D-OH-13). Cosponsored Mar 18, 2026, 184 days after introduction.Robert Menendez (D-NJ-8). Cosponsored Mar 18, 2026, 184 days after introduction.Diana DeGette (D-CO-1). Cosponsored Jul 27, 2026, 315 days after introduction.Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ-3). Cosponsored Jul 27, 2026, 315 days after introduction.Veronica Escobar (D-TX-16). Cosponsored Aug 3, 2026, 322 days after introduction.Emily Randall (D-WA-6). Cosponsored Sep 1, 2026, 351 days after introduction.Jahana Hayes (D-CT-5). Cosponsored Sep 28, 2026, 378 days after introduction.Jill N. Tokuda (D-HI-2). Cosponsored Sep 28, 2026, 378 days after introduction. Dec 2025Mar 2026MayJulSepSep 15, 2025Oct 16, 2026 (still open)56 originalAdam Smith (D-WA-9). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.André Carson (D-IN-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ayanna Pressley (D-MA-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Betty McCollum (D-MN-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Bill Foster (D-IL-11). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Brad Sherman (D-CA-32). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Chellie Pingree (D-ME-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Christopher R. Deluzio (D-PA-17). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Deborah K. Ross (D-NC-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Derek Tran (D-CA-45). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Eleanor Holmes Norton (D-DC). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Eric Swalwell (D-CA-14). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Frank J. Mrvan (D-IN-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Greg Casar (D-TX-35). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Greg Stanton (D-AZ-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ilhan Omar (D-MN-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jared F. Golden (D-ME-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jared Huffman (D-CA-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jennifer L. McClellan (D-VA-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Jesús G. "Chuy" García (D-IL-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Joaquin Castro (D-TX-20). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Joe Neguse (D-CO-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Joseph D. Morelle (D-NY-25). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Judy Chu (D-CA-28). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Julia Brownley (D-CA-26). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lateefah Simon (D-CA-12). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lizzie Fletcher (D-TX-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lloyd Doggett (D-TX-37). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Lois Frankel (D-FL-22). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Madeleine Dean (D-PA-4). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA-10). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mark Pocan (D-WI-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mary Gay Scanlon (D-PA-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Mike Quigley (D-IL-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Morgan McGarvey (D-KY-3). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Nanette Diaz Barragán (D-CA-44). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Nikema Williams (D-GA-5). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Paul Tonko (D-NY-20). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Pramila Jayapal (D-WA-7). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Rashida Tlaib (D-MI-12). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ro Khanna (D-CA-17). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Robert Garcia (D-CA-42). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Robin L. Kelly (D-IL-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Scott H. Peters (D-CA-50). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Sean Casten (D-IL-6). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Seth Magaziner (D-RI-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Shri Thanedar (D-MI-13). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Summer L. Lee (D-PA-12). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Suzan K. DelBene (D-WA-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR-1). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Sylvia R. Garcia (D-TX-29). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Ted Lieu (D-CA-36). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Troy A. Carter (D-LA-2). Cosponsored Sep 15, 2025, on the day of introduction. Original cosponsor.Chris Pappas (D-NH-1). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Donald Norcross (D-NJ-1). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Dwight Evans (D-PA-3). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Sarah McBride (D-DE). Cosponsored Sep 30, 2025, 15 days after introduction.Teresa Leger Fernandez (D-NM-3). Cosponsored Oct 3, 2025, 18 days after introduction.Andrea Salinas (D-OR-6). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 85 days after introduction.Frederica S. Wilson (D-FL-24). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 85 days after introduction.Jasmine Crockett (D-TX-30). Cosponsored Jan 22, 2026, 129 days after introduction.Emilia Strong Sykes (D-OH-13). Cosponsored Mar 18, 2026, 184 days after introduction.Robert Menendez (D-NJ-8). Cosponsored Mar 18, 2026, 184 days after introduction.Diana DeGette (D-CO-1). Cosponsored Jul 27, 2026, 315 days after introduction.Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ-3). Cosponsored Jul 27, 2026, 315 days after introduction.Veronica Escobar (D-TX-16). Cosponsored Aug 3, 2026, 322 days after introduction.Emily Randall (D-WA-6). Cosponsored Sep 1, 2026, 351 days after introduction.Jahana Hayes (D-CT-5). Cosponsored Sep 28, 2026, 378 days after introduction.Jill N. Tokuda (D-HI-2). Cosponsored Sep 28, 2026, 378 days after introduction.
Democratic 72

Each dot is one cosponsor. Dots stack by sign-on day, or by week when the window is long. The block at the left holds the original cosponsors.

Still open as of Oct 16, 2026 (119th Congress): not yet reported by the House Judiciary Committee.

Activity log

Source: Congress.gov actions
  1. Introduced in House
  2. Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
  3. 56 original cosponsors on the day of introduction
  4. 4 members cosponsored
  5. Teresa Leger Fernandez cosponsored (D-NM)
  6. 2 members cosponsored
  7. Jasmine Crockett cosponsored (D-TX)
  8. 2 members cosponsored
  9. 2 members cosponsored
  10. Veronica Escobar cosponsored (D-TX)
  11. Emily Randall cosponsored (D-WA)
  12. 2 members cosponsored

Votes on this bill

No recorded votes yet on this measure.

Cosponsors

72 cosponsored

Sponsor Introduced by Henry C. "Hank" Johnson (D-GA) on Sep 15, 2025

MemberParty/StateDateDays after introductionOriginalGrade
Adam SmithD-WASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Alexandria Ocasio-CortezD-NYSep 15, 20250OriginalA-
André CarsonD-INSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Ayanna PressleyD-MASep 15, 20250OriginalA
Betty McCollumD-MNSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Bill FosterD-ILSep 15, 20250OriginalB
Brad ShermanD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Chellie PingreeD-MESep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Christopher R. DeluzioD-PASep 15, 20250OriginalB
Deborah K. RossD-NCSep 15, 20250OriginalC+
Derek TranD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalC-
Eleanor Holmes NortonD-DCSep 15, 20250Original—
Emanuel CleaverD-MOSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Eric SwalwellD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalC-
Frank J. MrvanD-INSep 15, 20250OriginalC-
Greg CasarD-TXSep 15, 20250OriginalB
Greg StantonD-AZSep 15, 20250OriginalC+
Ilhan OmarD-MNSep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Jared F. GoldenD-MESep 15, 20250OriginalF
Jared HuffmanD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Jennifer L. McClellanD-VASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Jesús G. "Chuy" GarcíaD-ILSep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Joaquin CastroD-TXSep 15, 20250OriginalB
Joe NeguseD-COSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Joseph D. MorelleD-NYSep 15, 20250OriginalC
Josh GottheimerD-NJSep 15, 20250OriginalF
Judy ChuD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Julia BrownleyD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Lateefah SimonD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Lizzie FletcherD-TXSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Lloyd DoggettD-TXSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Lois FrankelD-FLSep 15, 20250OriginalC+
Madeleine DeanD-PASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Mark DeSaulnierD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Mark PocanD-WISep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Mary Gay ScanlonD-PASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Mike QuigleyD-ILSep 15, 20250OriginalC
Morgan McGarveyD-KYSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Nanette Diaz BarragánD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB
Nikema WilliamsD-GASep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Paul TonkoD-NYSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Pramila JayapalD-WASep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Rashida TlaibD-MISep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Ro KhannaD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Robert GarciaD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Robin L. KellyD-ILSep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Scott H. PetersD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalC
Sean CastenD-ILSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Seth MagazinerD-RISep 15, 20250OriginalC+
Shri ThanedarD-MISep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Summer L. LeeD-PASep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Suzan K. DelBeneD-WASep 15, 20250OriginalB
Suzanne BonamiciD-ORSep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Sylvia R. GarciaD-TXSep 15, 20250OriginalA-
Ted LieuD-CASep 15, 20250OriginalB+
Troy A. CarterD-LASep 15, 20250OriginalB
Chris PappasD-NHSep 30, 202515D
Donald NorcrossD-NJSep 30, 202515C
Dwight EvansD-PASep 30, 202515B+
Sarah McBrideD-DESep 30, 202515B
Teresa Leger FernandezD-NMOct 3, 202518B
Andrea SalinasD-ORDec 9, 202585C+
Frederica S. WilsonD-FLDec 9, 202585C
Jasmine CrockettD-TXJan 22, 2026129B+
Emilia Strong SykesD-OHMar 18, 2026184C+
Robert MenendezD-NJMar 18, 2026184B
Diana DeGetteD-COJul 27, 2026315B+
Yassamin AnsariD-AZJul 27, 2026315B
Veronica EscobarD-TXAug 3, 2026322B
Emily RandallD-WASep 1, 2026351B
Jahana HayesD-CTSep 28, 2026378B+
Jill N. TokudaD-HISep 28, 2026378B

Who Lobbied on This Bill

$6.5M combined quarterly activity
1 lobbying firm
1 client represented
2025-fourth_quarter–2026-second_quarter filing period
⚠ 6 lobbyists who worked this bill previously held government positions
Show all 6
  • ELIZABETH FARRAR — Staff Dir, Dep Staff Dir-Sen Rules Cmte; Dep CoS, Leg Dir-Sen Klobuchar; Chief Counsel, Counsel-Sen Jud Cmte…
  • ELLI SCHANK — Senator Joe Donnelly, Intern
  • HEATHER SAGER — Rep. Cheri Bustos - Deputy Chief of Staff
  • JUSTICE ESTRADA — Senator Charles Schumer, Intern; Senator Dianne Feinstein, Legislative Correspondent
  • STEPHEN COFFEY — Rep. Gene Green, Legal Intern; Rep. Matt Cartwright, Deputy Chief of Staff and House Appropriations Committee…
  • THEODORE NASTASE — Senate Subcommittee on Federal Spending Oversight and Emergency Planning, Senator Gary Peters, Intern
Policy Areas Covered
Consumer Issues/Safety/Products
Government Entities Lobbied
  • HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
  • SENATE
Who Hired the Lobbyists
  • AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR JUSTICE

Source: Senate LDA filings · Dollar figures are combined quarterly totals for all lobbying by each firm, not bill-specific spend.

FAIR Act — civil asset forfeiture reform. Civil asset forfeiture allows law enforcement to seize property without a conviction, with documented due process violations disproportionately affecting low-income communities.