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POSITIVE War & Foreign Policy 119th Congress

H.Con.Res.61 Western Hemisphere War Powers Resolution

War Powers resolution to remove U.S. forces from military operations in the Western Hemisphere, including Venezuela (119th Congress)

View on Congress.gov

Legal & Constitutional Grounding

Constitution vests war powers in Congress; no authorization exists for Western Hemisphere operations.

U.S. Const. art. I, § 8, cl. 11 — Congress's exclusive power to declare war and authorize military force
  • War Powers Resolution, 50 U.S.C. § 1544(c) — Congress may direct removal of forces from unauthorized hostilities
  • 50 U.S.C. § 1541(a) — collective judgment of Congress and President required for introducing forces

Bill activity

Submitted Nov 17, 2025 by Gregory W. Meeks (D-NY) with 5 original cosponsors. 41 cosponsors as of Dec 17, 2025. Not agreed to in the House Dec 17, 2025, 210-216.

  • Reached the House floor when it was called up under a unanimous consent order.
Rep. Pat Ryan (D-NY-18) is listed as a cosponsor, added Dec 3, 2025, 16 days after it was submitted. Rep. Pat Ryan (D-NY-18) voted yea on the House roll call counted in grades (roll no. 345, Dec 17, 2025).
  1. IntroducedNov 17, 2025
  2. Not agreed to in HouseDec 17, 2025
  3. Agreed to in Senate 

Latest action Dec 17, 2025: Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

Cosponsors

119th Congress (Jan 2025 to Jan 2027)

Nov 24, 2025Dec 1Dec 8Dec 15Nov 17, 2025Dec 17, 20255 originalAdam Smith (D-WA-9). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Bennie G. Thompson (D-MS-2). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Ilhan Omar (D-MN-5). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.James A. Himes (D-CT-4). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Jason Crow (D-CO-6). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Donald Norcross (D-NJ-1). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Donald S. Beyer (D-VA-8). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Greg Stanton (D-AZ-4). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Joe Courtney (D-CT-2). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Sara Jacobs (D-CA-51). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Sarah Elfreth (D-MD-3). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Seth Moulton (D-MA-6). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Sydney Kamlager-Dove (D-CA-37). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.William R. Keating (D-MA-9). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Betty McCollum (D-MN-4). Cosponsored Nov 19, 2025, 2 days after it was submitted.Christopher R. Deluzio (D-PA-17). Cosponsored Nov 19, 2025, 2 days after it was submitted.Gabe Amo (D-RI-1). Cosponsored Nov 20, 2025, 3 days after it was submitted.Johnny Olszewski (D-MD-2). Cosponsored Nov 20, 2025, 3 days after it was submitted.Kweisi Mfume (D-MD-7). Cosponsored Nov 20, 2025, 3 days after it was submitted.Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (D-VA-3). Cosponsored Nov 21, 2025, 4 days after it was submitted.John Garamendi (D-CA-8). Cosponsored Nov 25, 2025, 8 days after it was submitted.Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA-8). Cosponsored Nov 25, 2025, 8 days after it was submitted.John B. Larson (D-CT-1). Cosponsored Dec 3, 2025, 16 days after it was submitted.Patrick Ryan (D-NY-18). Cosponsored Dec 3, 2025, 16 days after it was submitted.Val T. Hoyle (D-OR-4). Cosponsored Dec 3, 2025, 16 days after it was submitted.Dina Titus (D-NV-1). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 22 days after it was submitted.Emily Randall (D-WA-6). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 22 days after it was submitted.Salud O. Carbajal (D-CA-24). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 22 days after it was submitted.James P. McGovern (D-MA-2). Cosponsored Dec 10, 2025, 23 days after it was submitted.Maxine Dexter (D-OR-3). Cosponsored Dec 10, 2025, 23 days after it was submitted.Sam T. Liccardo (D-CA-16). Cosponsored Dec 10, 2025, 23 days after it was submitted.Al Green (D-TX-9). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Kelly Morrison (D-MN-3). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Lizzie Fletcher (D-TX-7). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Madeleine Dean (D-PA-4). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Maggie Goodlander (D-NH-2). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Mark Pocan (D-WI-2). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Rashida Tlaib (D-MI-12). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ-3). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Suzan K. DelBene (D-WA-1). Cosponsored Dec 17, 2025, 30 days after it was submitted. Dec 1, 2025Dec 8Dec 15Nov 17, 2025Dec 17, 20255 originalAdam Smith (D-WA-9). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Bennie G. Thompson (D-MS-2). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Ilhan Omar (D-MN-5). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.James A. Himes (D-CT-4). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Jason Crow (D-CO-6). Cosponsored Nov 17, 2025, on the day it was submitted. Original cosponsor.Donald Norcross (D-NJ-1). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Donald S. Beyer (D-VA-8). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Greg Stanton (D-AZ-4). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Joe Courtney (D-CT-2). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Sara Jacobs (D-CA-51). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Sarah Elfreth (D-MD-3). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Seth Moulton (D-MA-6). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Sydney Kamlager-Dove (D-CA-37). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.William R. Keating (D-MA-9). Cosponsored Nov 18, 2025, 1 day after it was submitted.Betty McCollum (D-MN-4). Cosponsored Nov 19, 2025, 2 days after it was submitted.Christopher R. Deluzio (D-PA-17). Cosponsored Nov 19, 2025, 2 days after it was submitted.Gabe Amo (D-RI-1). Cosponsored Nov 20, 2025, 3 days after it was submitted.Johnny Olszewski (D-MD-2). Cosponsored Nov 20, 2025, 3 days after it was submitted.Kweisi Mfume (D-MD-7). Cosponsored Nov 20, 2025, 3 days after it was submitted.Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (D-VA-3). Cosponsored Nov 21, 2025, 4 days after it was submitted.John Garamendi (D-CA-8). Cosponsored Nov 25, 2025, 8 days after it was submitted.Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA-8). Cosponsored Nov 25, 2025, 8 days after it was submitted.John B. Larson (D-CT-1). Cosponsored Dec 3, 2025, 16 days after it was submitted.Patrick Ryan (D-NY-18). Cosponsored Dec 3, 2025, 16 days after it was submitted.Val T. Hoyle (D-OR-4). Cosponsored Dec 3, 2025, 16 days after it was submitted.Dina Titus (D-NV-1). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 22 days after it was submitted.Emily Randall (D-WA-6). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 22 days after it was submitted.Salud O. Carbajal (D-CA-24). Cosponsored Dec 9, 2025, 22 days after it was submitted.James P. McGovern (D-MA-2). Cosponsored Dec 10, 2025, 23 days after it was submitted.Maxine Dexter (D-OR-3). Cosponsored Dec 10, 2025, 23 days after it was submitted.Sam T. Liccardo (D-CA-16). Cosponsored Dec 10, 2025, 23 days after it was submitted.Al Green (D-TX-9). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Kelly Morrison (D-MN-3). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Lizzie Fletcher (D-TX-7). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Madeleine Dean (D-PA-4). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Maggie Goodlander (D-NH-2). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Mark Pocan (D-WI-2). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Rashida Tlaib (D-MI-12). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ-3). Cosponsored Dec 15, 2025, 28 days after it was submitted.Suzan K. DelBene (D-WA-1). Cosponsored Dec 17, 2025, 30 days after it was submitted.
Democratic 41

Each dot is one cosponsor. Dots stack by sign-on day, or by week when the window is long. The block at the left holds the original cosponsors.

Cosponsors shown through Dec 17, 2025, the day the House voted on the concurrent resolution.

Activity log

Source: Congress.gov actions
  1. Submitted in House
  2. Referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs.
  3. 5 original cosponsors on the day it was submitted
  4. 9 members cosponsored
  5. 2 members cosponsored
  6. 3 members cosponsored
  7. Robert C. "Bobby" Scott cosponsored (D-VA)
  8. 2 members cosponsored
  9. 3 members cosponsored
  10. 3 members cosponsored
  11. 3 members cosponsored
  12. 9 members cosponsored
  13. House floor day: vote on the concurrent resolution (not agreed to) (7 steps)
    1. Consideration initiated pursuant to a previous order.
    2. Considered pursuant to a previous order.
    3. DEBATE - Pursuant to a previous order, the House proceeded with one hour of debate on H. Con. Res. 61.
    4. The previous question was ordered pursuant to a previous order of the House.
    5. POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on H. Con. Res. 61, the Chair put the question on agreeing to the resolution and by voice vote, announced the noes had prevailed. Mr. Meeks demanded the yeas and nays and the...
    6. Considered as unfinished business.
    7. On agreeing to the resolution Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 210 - 216 (Roll no. 345).
  14. House vote: Adoption of the resolutionCounted in grades
    Not agreed to, 210-216
    Of 41 cosponsors: 40 voted yea, 0 voted nay, 1 not voting.
    Member breakdown · Official House roll call 345
  15. Suzan K. DelBene cosponsored (D-WA)

Votes on this resolution

1 vote: 1 recorded roll call and 0 decided without a recorded vote, 0 of them on amendments. Votes counted in grades are marked.

Dec 17, 20256:01 pmHouseAdoption of the resolutionCounted in gradesOn agreeing to the resolution Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 210 - 216 (Roll no. 345).Not agreed to210-216Yea

Counted in grades

Of 41 cosponsors: 40 voted yea, 0 voted nay, 1 not voting. Question voted on: Adoption of the resolution

PartyYeaNayPresentNot voting
Democratic208203
Republican221404
Independent0000
Total21021607
Official House roll call

Cosponsors

41 cosponsored

Sponsor Introduced by Gregory W. Meeks (D-NY) on Nov 17, 2025

MemberParty/StateDateDays after introductionOriginalGrade
Adam SmithD-WANov 17, 20250OriginalC+
Bennie G. ThompsonD-MSNov 17, 20250OriginalC+
Ilhan OmarD-MNNov 17, 20250OriginalA
James A. HimesD-CTNov 17, 20250OriginalB
Jason CrowD-CONov 17, 20250OriginalC+
Donald NorcrossD-NJNov 18, 20251C
Donald S. BeyerD-VANov 18, 20251B+
Greg StantonD-AZNov 18, 20251C+
Joe CourtneyD-CTNov 18, 20251C+
Sara JacobsD-CANov 18, 20251A-
Sarah ElfrethD-MDNov 18, 20251C+
Seth MoultonD-MANov 18, 20251A-
Sydney Kamlager-DoveD-CANov 18, 20251B
William R. KeatingD-MANov 18, 20251C+
Betty McCollumD-MNNov 19, 20252C+
Christopher R. DeluzioD-PANov 19, 20252B
Gabe AmoD-RINov 20, 20253B+
Johnny OlszewskiD-MDNov 20, 20253C+
Kweisi MfumeD-MDNov 20, 20253C+
Robert C. "Bobby" ScottD-VANov 21, 20254C+
John GaramendiD-CANov 25, 20258B+
Stephen F. LynchD-MANov 25, 20258B
John B. LarsonD-CTDec 3, 202516B
Patrick RyanD-NYDec 3, 202516B
Val T. HoyleD-ORDec 3, 202516B+
Dina TitusD-NVDec 9, 202522B
Emily RandallD-WADec 9, 202522B
Salud O. CarbajalD-CADec 9, 202522B
James P. McGovernD-MADec 10, 202523A+
Maxine DexterD-ORDec 10, 202523A-
Sam T. LiccardoD-CADec 10, 202523C+
Al GreenD-TXDec 15, 202528B
Alexandria Ocasio-CortezD-NYDec 15, 202528B+
Kelly MorrisonD-MNDec 15, 202528C+
Lizzie FletcherD-TXDec 15, 202528B
Madeleine DeanD-PADec 15, 202528B
Maggie GoodlanderD-NHDec 15, 202528C+
Mark PocanD-WIDec 15, 202528A
Rashida TlaibD-MIDec 15, 202528A+
Yassamin AnsariD-AZDec 15, 202528B
Suzan K. DelBeneD-WADec 17, 202530C+

Who Lobbied on This Bill

$7M combined quarterly activity
2 lobbying firms
2 clients represented
2025-fourth_quarter–2026-first_quarter filing period
Policy Areas Covered
Foreign Relations
Government Entities Lobbied
  • Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB)
  • Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
  • HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
  • Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS)
  • Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS)
  • SENATE
  • State, Dept of (DOS)
Who Hired the Lobbyists
  • FRIENDS COMMITTEE ON NATIONAL LEGISLATION
  • DEMAND PROGRESS ACTION, INC

Source: Senate LDA filings · Dollar figures are combined quarterly totals for all lobbying by each firm, not bill-specific spend.

War Powers Resolution on military operations. It exercises Congress's constitutional prerogative over military force.